A readout for pulsed Doppler velocity meters

The use of the pulsed Doppler velocity meter in cardiovascular applications has been restricted, due in part to difficulties in experimental usage of the device and systematic errors in signal processing, leading to inaccurate results. These problems have been alleviated by a multiparameter readout which provides information on the position of the sample region with respect to surrounding tissues in an M-mode type display, and a first moment Doppler frequency shift output capable of following the rapid velocity fluctuations which occur in disturbed flow conditions. The use of the readout in obtaining blood velocity measurements from within the human heart is demonstrated with representative examples of output for various clinical situations.