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Related Experiment Videos

Probing the tissue to subcellular level structure underlying bone's molecular sieving function.

A E Tami1, M B Schaffler, M L Knothe Tate

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orthopaedic Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Biorheology
|November 12, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Bone acts as a molecular sieve, limiting solute transport. Mechanical loading enhances fluid flow, increasing the penetration of smaller molecules through the bone matrix and lacunocanalicular system (LCS).

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Skeletal Biology
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • The lacunocanalicular system (LCS) is crucial for nutrient and waste transport to osteocytes within the dense bone matrix.
  • Understanding bone's permeability is key to comprehending osteocyte viability and mechanotransduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the permeability of the bone matrix and LCS.
  • To investigate the effect of mechanical loading on solute transport in bone.

Main Methods:

  • Transport of fluorescent probes (300 Da to 2,000,000 Da) in mechanically loaded and unloaded rat ulnae.
  • Analysis of probe penetration into the mineral matrix and LCS.

Main Results:

  • Bone mineral matrix restricts probes >300 Da.

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  • LCS pericellular space allows diffusion up to 10 kDa; convective flow enhances transport up to 70 kDa.
  • Probes >70 kDa are excluded from bone regardless of loading.

    • Conclusions:

    • Bone functions as a molecular sieve.
    • Mechanical loading significantly modulates solute transport within bone via fluid flow.
    • Findings support transport-modulated bone remodeling and have implications for osteocyte health.