Germanium-68 as a possible marker for silicon transport in rat brain

Silicon (Si) is an essential trace element normally present in brain and cerebrospinal fluid, although the mechanism by which it enters and distributes in brain is largely unknown. Due to the short radioactive half-life of 31Si (156 min) we have investigated the use of 68Germanium (68-Ge, half-life 282 days) as a possible marker for Si transport in rat brain over longer periods than are possible with 31Si. Adult male anaesthetised rats were given a bolus of 68Ge I.V. and arterial blood samples taken during experiments that lasted between 5 min and 3 days. At termination, the brain was removed and analysed for radioactivity as were the plasma samples. Data were analyzed by Graphical Analysis which showed that the blood-brain barrier permeability to 68Ge (Kin approximately 10(-4) ml/min/g) is similar to that for many non protein-bound electrolytes in plasma and that 68Ge fluxes across cerebral capillaries are bidirectional. The autoradiographic distribution of 68Ge in brain was homogenous. Our results are in agreement with those of previous studies using 31Si or 68Ge, which suggest 68Ge may be a useful marker for Si when investigating the role of this element in conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases.