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Related Experiment Videos

Cartilage interstitial fluid load support in unconfined compression.

Seonghun Park1, Ramaswamy Krishnan, Steven B Nicoll

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, SW Mudd, Mail Code 4703, 500 West, 120th Street, New York, NY, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|November 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Articular cartilage

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthopedics
  • Tissue Mechanics

Background:

  • Articular cartilage experiences both compressive and tensile strains under physiological loading.
  • Cartilage exhibits significantly higher tensile modulus compared to compressive modulus.
  • This tension-compression nonlinearity is theorized to enhance interstitial fluid pressurization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate if peak fluid load support exceeds the 33% theoretical limit in unconfined compression.
  • To investigate if fluid load support is greater at the articular surface compared to the deep zone due to modulus disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Ten human and ten bovine cartilage samples were tested in unconfined compression.
  • Peak interstitial fluid load support was measured at the articular surface and deep zones.

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  • Statistical analyses were performed to confirm experimental hypotheses.

    • Main Results:

    • Peak fluid load support was significantly higher than the 33% theoretical limit.
    • Human cartilage showed 79% (surface) and 69% (deep zone) fluid support.
    • Bovine cartilage showed 94% (surface) and 71% (deep zone) fluid support.

    Conclusions:

    • The tension-compression nonlinearity of articular cartilage is crucial for its load-bearing function.
    • Interstitial fluid pressurization is the dominant load support mechanism in cartilage.
    • Experimental findings support the hypotheses regarding fluid load support exceeding theoretical limits and regional variations.