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Related Experiment Videos

Body composition during normal pregnancy: reference ranges.

G Larciprete1, H Valensise, B Vasapollo

  • 1Department of Obstetics and Gynecology, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, I-00186, Rome, Italy. glarciprete@libero.it

Acta Diabetologica
|November 18, 2003
PubMed
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Maternal body composition changes significantly during pregnancy. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) offers a practical method to track these adaptations, including total body water (TBW) and fat mass, crucial for monitoring healthy pregnancies.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Maternal body composition significantly adapts during pregnancy, impacting pregnancy outcomes.
  • Understanding changes in fat mass, fat-free mass, and total body water (TBW) is vital in perinatal medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate maternal body composition changes, including weight, TBW, intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW), during healthy pregnancy.
  • To establish reference ranges for bioimpedance parameters across gestation using bioimpedance analysis (BIA).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized bioimpedance analysis (BIA) with a Tefal BIA scale on 170 healthy pregnant women (22-44 years).
  • Employed Lukaski's equation for TBW estimation and Segal's formula for ICW and ECW.
  • Conducted measurements every 3-4 weeks from 10 to 38 weeks' gestation, alongside hematocrit determination.

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Main Results:

  • Observed slight increases in reactance, TBW, and ICW throughout gestation.
  • Provided percentile values and normal reference ranges for TBW relative to gestational age and maternal weight gain.
  • Indicated that fat mass deposition, in addition to fluid retention, contributes to gestational weight gain.

Conclusions:

  • Tetrapolar BIA is a practical tool for assessing maternal body composition changes during pregnancy.
  • BIA can indirectly support the understanding of normal physiological hemodilution.
  • Gestational weight gain is influenced by fat mass deposition, with reactance serving as an indirect measure.