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How fat is obese?

A De Lorenzo1, P Deurenberg, M Pietrantuono

  • 1Division of Human Nutrition, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133, Rome, Italy. delorenzo@uniroma2.it

Acta Diabetologica
|November 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Body Mass Index (BMI) alone misclassifies obesity in many individuals. Body fat percentage (BF%) offers a more accurate assessment, highlighting the need for improved obesity diagnostic criteria in clinical practice.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Human Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a significant global health concern.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is a widely used metric for obesity assessment.
  • Limitations of BMI in accurately reflecting body composition are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of body fat measurements against Body Mass Index (BMI) for obesity classification.
  • To evaluate the prevalence of misclassification of obesity using BMI alone in a diverse adult population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 890 adult subjects (596 females, 294 males).
  • Inclusion of participants aged 18-83 years.
  • Data collected included Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 14 to 54 kg/m(2) and body fat percentage (BF%) from 4% to 57%.

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Main Results:

  • A substantial number of both male and female participants were misclassified as non-obese based on BMI alone.
  • Body fat percentage (BF%) revealed a higher prevalence of obesity than BMI in the study cohort.
  • Discrepancies highlight the inadequacy of BMI as a sole diagnostic tool for obesity.

Conclusions:

  • BMI alone is insufficient for accurate obesity diagnosis in clinical practice.
  • Body fat percentage (BF%) provides a more reliable measure for identifying obesity.
  • Revised diagnostic criteria incorporating body composition are recommended for obesity assessment.