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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Novel substrates for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of arenes
1Leibniz-Institut für Organische Katalyse, Universität Rostock e.V. (IfOK), Buchbinderstrasse 5-6, 18 055 Rostock, Germany. alexander.zapf@ifok.uni-rostock.de
Abstract:
Arenes and heteroarenes are ubiquitous substructures in biologically active agents and new materials. Thus, functionalization ("refinement") of simple arene precursors is still of major importance for preparative organic chemistry. During the last 20 years, especially transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides and triflates have given arene chemistry new impetus. The first industrial applications were realized a few years ago. Quite recently, carbonic acid derivatives such as anhydrides and esters have added to the scope of substrates for these coupling reactions. Some recent developments in this area are presented in this Minireview.
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