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Oxidant, antioxidant and physical exercise.

Alok K Banerjee1, Amritlal Mandal, Dipanjan Chanda

  • 1Department of Physical Education, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India. alok_banerjee2002@yahoo.com

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
|November 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Strenuous exercise increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), challenging antioxidant systems. Antioxidant nutrient supplementation may be necessary for physically active individuals to mitigate exercise-induced oxidative stress and damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normal byproducts of aerobic metabolism.
  • Cellular antioxidant systems, including vitamins, thiols, and enzymes, normally neutralize ROS.
  • Strenuous exercise increases oxygen consumption, elevating ROS production and potentially overwhelming antioxidant defenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of exercise intensity and duration on antioxidant systems.
  • To investigate the role of antioxidant nutrients in mitigating exercise-induced oxidative stress.
  • To determine the necessity of antioxidant supplementation for physically active individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on exercise, ROS production, and antioxidant responses.

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  • Analysis of studies investigating acute and chronic exercise effects on antioxidant enzyme activity and nutrient status.
  • Examination of research on antioxidant supplementation in athletes and active populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute, intense exercise can stimulate antioxidant enzyme activity as a defense mechanism.
    • Prolonged, heavy exercise may deplete vitamin E and alter glutathione status.
    • Deficiencies in antioxidant nutrients can exacerbate exercise-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage.
    • Chronic exercise training may enhance antioxidant enzyme activity and glutathione levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise-induced oxidative stress is a significant physiological challenge.
    • Adequate antioxidant status is crucial for managing exercise-induced oxidative stress.
    • Supplementation with specific antioxidant nutrients may be beneficial for physically active individuals to support antioxidant capacity and reduce tissue damage.