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[Morbidity and severity of malaria attacks in carriers of sickle-cell trait]

J P Chippaux1, A Massougbodji, J C Boulard

  • 1ORSTOM, Antenne OCCGE de Cotonou, Bénin.

Revue D'Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique
|January 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Children with sickle cell trait experience fewer malaria attacks and lower mortality rates compared to those with HbAA haemoglobin. This suggests sickle cell trait offers protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • High Plasmodium falciparum transmission area
  • Pediatric outpatients (infirmary and hospital)
  • Comparison of malaria frequency and severity across hemoglobin types

Purpose:

  • To compare malaria attack frequency and severity in children with different hemoglobin types (HbAA vs. sickle cell trait).
  • To investigate the role of hemoglobin type in malaria susceptibility and mortality.
  • To determine the pathogenic parasitemia threshold in various hemoglobin types.

Summary:

  • Malaria diagnosis was based on clinical, parasitological, and evolutionary criteria.
  • A parasitemia threshold of approximately 3,000 infected red cells/mm³ was observed across all hemoglobin types.
  • Malaria was diagnosed more frequently in HbAA children, who also had a higher mortality rate (>3%).
  • Sickle cell trait carriers showed significantly lower S gene rates (5%) among malaria patients and no malaria-attributable deaths.

Impact:

  • Sickle cell trait carriers exhibit reduced susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
  • The S gene may confer a protective advantage against severe malaria outcomes.
  • Findings contribute to understanding malaria epidemiology and host-parasite interactions in endemic regions.

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