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Evaluation of substrate clogging processes in vertical flow constructed wetlands
G Langergraber1, R Haberl, J Laber
1Department for Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control (IWGA-SIG), BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. langergraber@iwga-sig.boku.ac.at
Summary
Substrate clogging is a major issue in vertical flow constructed wetlands, hindering treatment performance. This study investigates clogging causes and provides an equation to predict clogging time.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Wastewater Treatment Technologies
- Wetland Systems
Background:
- Substrate clogging significantly impairs vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) performance.
- Clogging reduces infiltration rates, oxygen supply, and overall treatment efficiency.
- Multiple factors contribute to clogging, including solids accumulation, sludge, precipitation, root growth, gas, and compaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the various processes contributing to substrate clogging in VFCWs.
- To quantify the impact of different factors on clogging.
- To develop a predictive equation for theoretical clogging time.
Main Methods:
- Pilot-scale constructed wetlands (PSCWs) were utilized for detailed investigations.
- A combination of soil physical analyses, microbial methods, and water/wastewater analysis was employed.
- Data collected were used to formulate a theoretical clogging time equation.
Main Results:
- Identified and analyzed key contributors to substrate clogging in VFCWs.
- Quantified the relative importance of different clogging processes.
- Developed and validated an equation for predicting clogging time.
Conclusions:
- Substrate clogging is a complex issue in VFCWs with multiple contributing factors.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing VFCW operation and longevity.
- The developed equation offers a tool for predicting and managing VFCW clogging.