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The kallikrein-kinin system in early state of diabetes
S B Vila1, V A Peluffo, C Alvarado
1Cátedra de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital General de Niños Dr. Pedro Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Insights
Diabetic patients show elevated levels of total and pre-kallikrein, key components of the kallikrein-kinin system. These increases correlate with microalbuminuria, suggesting potential impacts on renal hemodynamics in diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- The kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in regulating blood pressure and kidney function.
- Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication characterized by microalbuminuria.
- Understanding the kallikrein-kinin system's involvement in diabetes is crucial for managing kidney complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the kallikrein-kinin system's activity in children with diabetes.
- To determine the relationship between microalbuminuria and kallikrein-kinin system components in diabetic patients.
- To explore potential links between kallikrein-kinin system alterations and renal hemodynamic changes in diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Study included 9 healthy children and 15 diabetic children (ages 1-14 years).
- Measured total and pre-kallikrein levels in participants.
- Assessed microalbuminuria levels (mg/24 h) to categorize patients.
Main Results:
- Diabetic patients exhibited increased total and pre-kallikrein compared to healthy controls.
- Patients with low microalbuminuria showed 3-fold (total kallikrein) and 2-fold (pre-kallikrein) increases.
- Patients with high microalbuminuria demonstrated over 4-fold (total kallikrein) and 8-fold (pre-kallikrein) increases.
Conclusions:
- Total kallikrein and pre-kallikrein are elevated in diabetic individuals.
- Higher microalbuminuria levels correlate with greater increases in total and pre-kallikrein.
- These kallikrein-kinin system alterations may influence renal hemodynamics in diabetic patients.
Abstract:
The kallikrein-kinin system was studied in 9 normals, healthy subjects (6 men, 3 women, age range 1 to 14 years) and 15 diabetic patients (9 men, 6 women age range 2 to 14 years) with an evolution of the disease between 1 to 14 years. Diabetic patients with low microalbuminuria (6.62 +/- 0.97 mg/24 h) show increased total and pre-kallikrein respect to control (3 and 2 fold respectively). On the other hand patients with high microalbuminuria (44.7 +/- 13.2 mg/24 h) show a total and pre-kallikrein of more than 4 and 8 fold increased respectively, compare with the control. According with these results we can concluded: 1) The total kallikrein and pre-kallikrein is increased in the diabetic state. 2) When microalbuminuria is high, the total and pre-kallikrein correlates with those increasing. 3) These changes could modified the renal hemodynamic in diabetes.