Association between the metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed coronary artery disease
M Baltali1, A Gokcel, H T Kiziltan
1Department of Cardiology, Baskent University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
Insights
Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors, is more prevalent in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, particularly women. This condition independently increases the risk of developing CAD in both genders.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome is a growing public health concern.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
- Understanding the interplay between metabolic syndrome and CAD across different demographics is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate age- and gender-related differences in metabolic risk factors among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components between CAD patients and a matched control group.
- To determine the independent association of metabolic syndrome with CAD in both men and women.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 366 patients with recent CAD diagnosis and 366 age- and gender-matched controls.
- Data collection included demographics, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profiles, and glucose-insulin levels.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent association of metabolic syndrome with CAD.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in CAD patients (72.6% in women, 39.0% in men) compared to controls.
- Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes were more common in female CAD patients.
- Metabolic syndrome was independently associated with CAD in both genders (OR: 3.57 for women, OR: 1.59 for men).
Conclusions:
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome is significantly elevated in CAD patients, with a pronounced effect in women.
- Metabolic syndrome is a significant independent risk factor for CAD in both sexes.
- These findings highlight the importance of addressing metabolic health in CAD prevention and management, especially in female populations.
Abstract:
This case-control study was designed to outline age- and gender-related differences of metabolic risk factors in a group of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Accordingly, a total of 366 consecutive patients with a recent diagnosis of CAD (139 women, 41-79 yr; 227 men, 39-78 yr) were screened between October 1999 and April 2001 at Baskent University Adana Medical Center, and 366 age- and gender-matched individuals were selected as a control group. We compared demographics, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, fasting and post-prandial glucose-insulin levels between CAD patients and the control group. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 72.6% in females, and 39.0% in males with CAD. Hypertension, obesity and diabetes were more common in female patients; 64.5% of female patients had premature CAD and 83.5% of those had metabolic syndrome. In logistic (OR: 3.57 for women and OR: 1.59 for men) regression analysis, metabolic syndrome was independently associated with CAD in both genders. As a conclusion, prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in patients with CAD than the control group, especially in female patients. The metabolic syndrome was independently associated with CAD in both genders.
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