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[Evoked oto-acoustic emissions in retrocochlear deafness].

I Salonna1, R Bartoli, A Quaranta

  • 1Centro di Audiologia e Otologia, Università di Bari.

Bollettino Della Societa Italiana Di Biologia Sperimentale
|April 1, 1992
PubMed
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Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (EOAEs) were present in half of patients with acoustic neuroma or sensorineural hearing loss. EOAE properties varied with hearing loss severity, suggesting nerve and cochlear involvement.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Otoacoustic Emissions

Background:

  • Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (EOAEs) are crucial for assessing cochlear outer hair cell function.
  • Unilateral acoustic neuroma and sensorineural hearing loss can impact retrocochlear pathways and cochlear function.
  • Understanding EOAEs in these conditions aids in diagnosing and understanding auditory pathway pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and properties of EOAEs in patients with unilateral acoustic neuroma and sensorineural hearing loss.
  • To correlate EOAE characteristics with the degree of hearing loss and retrocochlear impairment.
  • To elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying EOAE alterations in these patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • EOAEs were recorded in 6 patients with acoustic neuroma, 11 with sensorineural hearing loss, and 10 controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Stimuli included a 3 ms 1000 Hz tone-burst and a 200-5000 Hz filtered click.
  • Stimulus intensities ranged from 40 dB SPL to saturation threshold, with 2048 stimuli at 21 pps.

    • Main Results:

    • EOAEs were detected in 50% of patients with acoustic neuroma (Group I) and sensorineural hearing loss (Group II) using click stimuli.
    • EOAEs were present in all ears for the tone-burst stimulus, despite significant hearing loss in Group I (>65 dB HL at 1.0 KHz) and one-third of Group II.
    • EOAE properties (threshold, dynamic range, duration) were dependent on the degree of hearing loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Acoustic neuromas may cause Wallerian degeneration of the VIII nerve, leading to external hair cell dysfunction.
    • Sensorineural hearing loss groups may exhibit concurrent or secondary cochlear involvement.
    • EOAE testing provides valuable insights into the functional status of the auditory pathway in retrocochlear disorders.