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Classification, epidemiology and aetiology.

Geert I Koffeman1, Wim G van Gemert, Elvira K George

  • 1Paediatric Surgical Centre Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. g.i.koffeman@amc.uva.nl

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|December 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Short-bowel syndrome (SBS) and intestinal failure are rare conditions caused by reduced nutrient absorption. Understanding their epidemiology is crucial for managing these complex gastrointestinal disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Intestinal failure and short-bowel syndrome (SBS) are rare but severe conditions characterized by reduced enteral nutrient absorption.
  • Their manifestation depends on etiological factors and anatomical characteristics, including remaining intestinal length and colon function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of intestinal failure and SBS.
  • To highlight the etiological factors and epidemiological data for these rare conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and extrapolated data from home parenteral nutrition centers and single-center studies.
  • Analysis of etiological factors in pediatric and adult populations.

Main Results:

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  • Congenital/perinatal conditions (e.g., intestinal atresia, NEC, volvulus) are primary causes in children.
  • Adult causes include mesenteric infarction, radiation enteritis, and Crohn's disease.
  • The incidence of SBS is estimated at 2-5 per million.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal failure and SBS present with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Etiology and anatomy are key determinants of disease presentation.
  • Limited epidemiological data necessitates further research for improved management strategies.