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American ginseng leaf: ginsenoside analysis and hypoglycemic activity.
Jing-Tian Xie1, Sangeeta R Mehendale, Anbao Wang
1Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 4028, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Pharmacological Research
|December 4, 2003
Summary
American ginseng leaves, analyzed for ginsenosides, showed significant anti-hyperglycemic and thermogenic effects in diabetic mice, suggesting benefits for type 2 diabetes management.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- American ginseng root and berry extracts are known for hypoglycemic properties.
- The potential of American ginseng leaves in glucose regulation remains less explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypoglycemic and thermogenic effects of American ginseng leaf extract (AGLE).
- To analyze the chemical constituents, specifically six major ginsenosides, in American ginseng leaves.
Main Methods:
- High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine ginsenoside content.
- Diabetic ob/ob mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of AGLE (50, 150 mg/kg) or vehicle for 12 days.
- Fasting blood glucose, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT), body weight, and temperature were monitored.
Main Results:
- AGLE significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels in a dose-dependent manner by day 12.
- Both AGLE doses improved glucose disposal during IPGTT on day 12.
- AGLE treatment led to decreased body weight and increased body temperature in the mice.
Conclusions:
- American ginseng leaf extract exhibits significant anti-hyperglycemic activity.
- AGLE demonstrates thermogenic properties, indicated by increased body temperature.
- These findings suggest AGLE could be a valuable adjunct in managing type 2 diabetes.