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[Appendicitis in the premature newborn]

A D Barbosa1, I F Júnior, R R Caetano

  • 1Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Acute appendicitis is a rare condition in premature infants. This case highlights the importance of considering appendicitis in the differential diagnosis of abdominal emergencies in neonates, even when necrotizing enterocolitis is suspected.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal emergency in premature infants.
  • Abdominal pain and distension in neonates can be challenging to diagnose.
  • Acute appendicitis is exceedingly rare in the neonatal period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of acute appendicitis in a premature infant.
  • To emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis in neonatal abdominal emergencies.
  • To highlight the clinical presentation and management of neonatal appendicitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective literature review utilizing Medline and Lilacs databases.
  • Inclusion of a detailed necropsy report.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Case presentation of a preterm infant with clinical features of acute abdomen.

    • Main Results:

    • A premature infant presented with symptoms mimicking necrotizing enterocolitis with perforation.
    • Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
    • The infant had no typical risk factors for appendicitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute appendicitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perforated necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants.
    • Early recognition and surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes.
    • This case underscores the need for a broad differential diagnosis in neonatal surgical emergencies.