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Published on: January 22, 2011
[Pediatric cancer: analysis of hospital records]
Denise Bousfield da Silva1, Maria Marlene de Souza Pires, Silvia Modesto Nassar
1Dep de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC.
Insights
Pediatric cancer predominantly affects preschoolers and males, with leukemia being the most common type. Non-localized disease at diagnosis is linked to higher mortality rates in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Research
Context:
- Childhood cancer incidence and outcomes require ongoing surveillance.
- Understanding demographic and clinical factors influencing pediatric cancer is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose:
- To analyze pediatric cancer hospital records for new case occurrence.
- To examine the relationship between demographics, disease extension, and mortality in children.
- To explore associations between new cases, demographics, disease stage, and vital status.
Summary:
- A longitudinal study of 371 pediatric cancer cases (ages 0-14) in Santa Catarina, Brazil (1994-1998).
- Leukemia was the most frequent diagnosis (36.6%), affecting preschoolers (41.5%) and males (55.8%) predominantly.
- Non-localized disease at diagnosis (55.7%) was associated with significantly higher mortality (55.7%) compared to localized disease (16.3%).
Impact:
- Findings highlight the prevalence of non-localized disease and its impact on survival in pediatric cancer.
- Results inform public health strategies and clinical management for childhood cancers.
- Establishes associations between demographic factors, disease presentation, and outcomes in pediatric oncology.
Objective:
To analyze pediatric cancer hospital records regarding the occurrence of new cases; to verify the relation between sex, age, race, origin and the disease clinical extension; to describe the mortality of children with cancer; to explore the association of new cases with proposed demographic variables, disease clinical extension and vital status.
Methods:
Observational, descriptive, longitudinal study in children up to 14 years old, from Santa Catarina. Three hundred and seventy-one new cases of cancer were treated in a regional reference outpatient clinic (1994-98) and recorded according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. Multiple Correspondence Analysis was applied to evaluate the categorical variables.
Results:
Three-hundred and seventy-one new cases of cancer were recorded with constant distribution in each year. Cancer affected preschoolers (41.5%) and males (55.8%). Leukemia was observed in 36.6% of the cases. Non-localized stage on the diagnosis occurred in 55.7%. The death occurred in 55.7% of the cases with non-localized disease and 16.3% with localized disease. At the end of the study 58.8% of the children were alive.
Conclusions:
We observed more cases of cancer at pre-school age and among male subjects. Leukemia is the most frequent type of cancer. Non-localized disease predominates on the diagnosis. The death frequency is higher in the group with non-localized disease. There is direct association with non-localized disease, living vital status, school age, adolescent age, female, and for non-localized disease with death vital status, infant age, pre-school age and male.
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