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[Foreign body aspiration]

Paulo F S Bittencourt1, Paulo A M Camargos

  • 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Foreign body aspiration is common in young children, especially males. While rigid bronchoscopy is key, prevention strategies need more focus.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Foreign body aspiration is a significant cause of pediatric respiratory emergencies.
  • Accidents are globally distributed, with a notable prevalence in specific demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review existing literature on foreign body aspiration.
  • To synthesize data on epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.
  • To highlight the importance of preventive measures.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliographic search of Medline and Lilacs databases (1966-2000 and 1979-1999).
  • Inclusion of studies in Portuguese, Spanish, and English.
  • Keywords: "aspiration, foreign body, children, adolescents".

Main Results:

  • Foreign body aspiration predominantly affects males and children under 3 years old.
  • Clinical history and physical examination show moderate sensitivity and low specificity.
  • Radiological examination is valuable, with high sensitivity (57.9%-100%).
  • Nuts are the most frequent aspirated objects (approx. 70%).

Conclusions:

  • Rigid bronchoscopy is the gold standard treatment, requiring specialized expertise and resources.
  • Preventive strategies for foreign body aspiration are crucial but often underemphasized.
  • Further emphasis on prevention is recommended in clinical practice and research.

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