[Essential primary cutis verticis gyrata]

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pediatric Case Reports

Background:

• Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) is a rare condition characterized by scalp folding resembling cerebral gyri.
• Primary CVG is typically associated with genetic factors and lacks underlying systemic abnormalities.
• Secondary CVG can be linked to various neurological, ophthalmological, or endocrine disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a rare case of essential primary Cutis verticis gyrata in a pediatric patient.
• To highlight the diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses for primary CVG in children.
• To emphasize the significance of this case as the first reported instance in a child.

Main Methods:

• Clinical examination of a nine-year-old boy presenting with extensive scalp hypertrophy.
• Neurological and ophthalmological assessments to rule out associated disorders.
• Family history evaluation to assess for genetic predisposition.

Main Results:

• A nine-year-old boy exhibited significant scalp skin hypertrophy with a cerebriform appearance.
• No underlying neurological or ophthalmological abnormalities were identified.
• No similar cases were reported within the patient's family history.

Conclusions:

• The diagnosis of primary Cutis verticis gyrata was confirmed based on scalp thickening and the absence of associated abnormalities.
• Essential primary CVG is a rare diagnosis in pediatric patients.
• Differential diagnoses, including secondary causes like nevus, pachydermoperiostosis, acromegaly, and inflammatory scalp diseases, were considered and excluded.