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Related Experiment Videos

Artefacts and morphological changes during chemical fixation.

E Kellenberger1, R Johansen, M Maeder

  • 1Biozentrum Universität Basel, Switzerland.

Journal of Microscopy
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Chromosome decondensation in dinoflagellates is linked to osmium tetroxide (OsO4) concentration. Lower OsO4 levels and specific fixation methods induce swelling and disintegration, impacting cellular structure.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dinoflagellate chromosomes are typically condensed.
  • Chromosome decondensation involves swelling.
  • Environmental factors and fixation methods influence chromosome structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between osmium tetroxide (OsO4) concentration and dinoflagellate chromosome decondensation.
  • To examine the effects of different fixatives and temperatures on chromosome structure.
  • To study the lysis and swelling of Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T4 under varying conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Optical densitometry for partial lysis assessment.
  • Light and electron microscopy for observing cellular swelling and structure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cryofixation and freeze-substitution techniques.
  • Acetaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixation at controlled temperatures.

    • Main Results:

    • Decreasing OsO4 concentration increases dinoflagellate chromosome decondensation (swelling).
    • Different fixatives induce varied disintegration patterns.
    • Cryofixation preserves the most condensed chromosome state.
    • Lysozyme presence in Escherichia coli facilitates cell swelling and partial lysis under specific fixation conditions (acrolein-glutaraldehyde at 0°C).
    • Low OsO4 concentrations (< or = 0.5%) induce partial lysis in lysozyme-producing cells, characterized by decreased optical density, matter loss, and slight swelling.

    Conclusions:

    • OsO4 concentration is a critical factor in dinoflagellate chromosome decondensation.
    • Fixation methods significantly impact the observed cellular and chromosomal morphology.
    • Bacteriophage T4 infection, coupled with lysozyme activity, can lead to cell lysis and swelling, observable through microscopy and densitometry.