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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Maya Mukhopadhyay1, Saheli Misra, Tapashi Mitra

  • 1Institute of Child Health, Dr. Biresh Guha Street, Kolkata, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|December 3, 2003
PubMed
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects 15.5% of children aged 5-12 in Indian pediatric clinics, with inattention being common. Early pediatrician detection is crucial for intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Understanding its prevalence and characteristics in specific populations is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of ADHD in children aged 5-12 years.
  • To analyze socio-demographic variables, associated medical conditions, and comorbid psychological problems in ADHD cases.
  • To assess the role of pediatricians in identifying ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional case study was conducted over one year.
  • Children presenting to a child guidance clinic in a pediatric hospital were evaluated.
  • Diagnosis of ADHD was based on DSM IV criteria.

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Main Results:

  • Out of 238 referrals, 37 children (15.5%) were diagnosed with ADHD.
  • The inattention subtype was predominant.
  • The male to female ratio was 6.4:1, with a mean age of 8.49 years for boys and 6.82 years for girls. Oppositional defiant disorder was the most common comorbidity.

Conclusions:

  • ADHD is prevalent in India, with many cases initially seen by pediatricians.
  • Pediatricians play a key role in the early detection and intervention of ADHD.
  • Awareness of ADHD's profile is vital for timely management.