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Related Experiment Videos

Ground water quality assessment using multi-rectangular diagrams.

Niaz Ahmad1, Zekai Sen, Manzoor Ahmad

  • 1Radiation and Isotope Application Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, p.o. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan. chandoor@isb.comsats.net.pk

Ground Water
|December 3, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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A novel multi-rectangular diagram (MRD) graphically classifies groundwater types. This method effectively categorizes chemical analyses, revealing sodium bicarbonate as the most prevalent groundwater type in Pakistan.

Area of Science:

  • Hydrogeology
  • Geochemistry
  • Data Visualization

Background:

  • Accurate classification of groundwater chemical analyses is crucial for resource management.
  • Existing graphical methods may have limitations in handling large datasets or differentiating specific water types.
  • Understanding groundwater evolution, such as the Chebotarev sequence, aids in predicting water quality changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new graphical technique, the multi-rectangular diagram (MRD), for classifying groundwater chemical analyses.
  • To demonstrate the MRD's capability to handle numerous datasets and differentiate various groundwater types.
  • To apply the MRD to groundwater data from the Chaj Doab area, Pakistan, and visualize groundwater quality evolution.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Development of a new diagram using rectangular coordinates, termed the multi-rectangular diagram (MRD).
  • Each rectangle within the MRD represents a distinct groundwater type.
  • Application of the MRD to classify chemical analyses of groundwater samples from the Chaj Doab region.

    • Main Results:

    • The MRD successfully classified groundwater into distinct types: calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate.
    • Sodium bicarbonate was identified as the most abundant groundwater type in the studied area.
    • The MRD provided a visual representation of the Chebotarev sequence, illustrating groundwater quality evolution.

    Conclusions:

    • The multi-rectangular diagram (MRD) is an effective graphical tool for classifying groundwater chemical analyses.
    • The MRD offers advantages in accommodating large datasets and visualizing groundwater evolution pathways.
    • The study highlights the prevalence of sodium bicarbonate groundwater in the Chaj Doab area, Pakistan.