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Smoking cessation
Scott P Marlow1, James K Stoller
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. marlows@ccf.org
Respiratory Care
|December 4, 2003
Summary
Smoking cessation is key to stopping chronic obstructive pulmonary disease progression. Effective interventions include counseling, nicotine replacement, and bupropion, supported by healthcare professional advice.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Addiction Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Smoking remains prevalent globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
- Despite declines, US smoking rates were about 23% in 2001, highlighting ongoing public health challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review effective smoking cessation strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.
- To emphasize the role of healthcare professionals in promoting smoking cessation.
- To highlight the importance of individualized cessation programs.
Main Methods:
- Review of available evidence on smoking cessation interventions.
- Discussion of physician-advising frameworks like "relevance, risk, rewards, roadblocks, and repetition" and the "5 A's" (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange).
- Emphasis on individualized patient care and clinician persistence.
Main Results:
- Nicotine addiction is treatable with established drugs and behavioral interventions.
- Counseling, nicotine replacement therapy, and bupropion are evidence-based cessation aids.
- Less-studied methods lack strong research support, though some show promise.
Conclusions:
- Smoking cessation is crucial for managing and preventing COPD progression.
- Healthcare providers, especially respiratory therapists, should actively lead cessation efforts.
- Personalized, persistent, and multi-professional approaches are vital for successful smoking cessation programs.