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Related Experiment Videos

Nonflat equilibrium liquid shapes on flat surfaces.

Victor M Starov1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, Loughborough, UK. v.m.starov@lboro.ac.uk

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|December 5, 2003
PubMed
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Surface forces, including disjoining pressure, create non-flat liquid shapes like microdrops and periodic films in thin liquid layers. These non-flat states can be more stable than flat films under certain pressures.

Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hydrostatic pressure in thin liquid layers deviates from ambient air pressure due to surface and capillary forces.
  • Disjoining pressure, a key surface force, exhibits an S-shaped isotherm in partially wetting systems, influencing thin film behavior.
  • In curved thin films, both disjoining and capillary pressures act concurrently, leading to complex equilibrium shapes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and stability of non-flat equilibrium liquid shapes in thin films.
  • To analyze the role of S-shaped disjoining pressure isotherms in the formation of microstructures.
  • To establish criteria for the stability of non-flat liquid configurations.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of disjoining pressure and capillary pressure interactions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Mathematical modeling to predict equilibrium liquid shapes.
  • Stability analysis of non-flat film configurations.

    • Main Results:

    • Existence of microdrops, microdepressions, and equilibrium periodic films on solid substrates predicted for S-shaped disjoining pressure isotherms.
    • Criteria for the existence and stability of these non-flat equilibrium shapes were determined.
    • Non-flat states, such as microdepressions and periodic films, can be more stable than flat films within specific hydrostatic pressure ranges.

    Conclusions:

    • The interplay of disjoining and capillary pressures allows for stable non-flat equilibrium liquid shapes.
    • Transitions between thick and thin films can occur through these intermediate non-flat states.
    • Experimental observation of these predicted shapes offers a novel method for determining disjoining pressure in unstable film thickness regimes.