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Related Concept Videos

In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Methodology for the Efficient Generation of Fluorescently Tagged Vaccinia Virus Proteins
09:27

Methodology for the Efficient Generation of Fluorescently Tagged Vaccinia Virus Proteins

Published on: January 17, 2014

An alternative genetic method to test essential vaccinia virus early genes.

Sayuri E M Kato1, Frederico A B Greco, Clarissa R A Damaso

  • 1Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Vírus, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.

Journal of Virological Methods
|December 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The vaccinia virus F11L gene

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The vaccinia virus F11L gene product was identified as a potential factor in controlling viral gene transcription.
  • F11L is an early expressed gene with no previously attributed function, conserved in many poxviruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the essentiality of the vaccinia virus F11L gene for viral replication.
  • To investigate potential discrepancies in assessing gene essentiality using different genetic mutagenesis techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Gene disruption via insertion of a selectable cassette (Escherichia coli guanine phosphoribosyl transferase gene).
  • Transient dominant selection to introduce nonsense mutations into the F11L gene.

Main Results:

  • Gene insertional mutagenesis suggested F11L is essential, yielding viruses with both wild-type and disrupted alleles.
  • Transient dominant selection demonstrated F11L is non-essential for viral growth in culture.
  • Provided genetic data on the probability of co-insertion of linked mutations in vaccinia virus.

Conclusions:

  • Gene insertional mutagenesis can yield misleading results regarding gene essentiality.
  • The vaccinia virus F11L gene is non-essential for viral growth in culture.
  • Highlights the importance of employing multiple genetic methods to validate gene function.