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Psychiatric disorders in internal medicine.

P Gous1, C A Gagiano, D J Weich

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein.

South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

A significant percentage of general hospital patients have treatable psychiatric disorders. Current psychiatric consultation rates are low, indicating a need for enhanced liaison psychiatry services in general hospitals.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • General Medicine
  • Hospital Services

Background:

  • Many patients admitted to general medical services have undiagnosed psychiatric conditions.
  • The current model of psychiatric consultation may not adequately address the needs of these patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among general medical admissions.
  • To compare the rate of psychiatric disorders with the rate of psychiatric referrals.
  • To advocate for improved liaison psychiatric services.

Main Methods:

  • Psychiatric evaluations were conducted on all admitted patients to a specific medical firm.
  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III) criteria were used for diagnosis.
  • Comparison was made with a control group from a comparable medical firm.

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Main Results:

  • 33% of patients admitted to the medical firm had treatable psychiatric disorders.
  • Only 3.5% of admissions to a comparable firm were referred for psychiatric consultation.
  • The difference in psychiatric disorders and consultation rates was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of general hospital medical admissions suffer from treatable psychiatric disorders.
  • The low rate of psychiatric referrals suggests a gap in identifying and managing these conditions.
  • Comprehensive liaison psychiatric services are necessary, exceeding the scope of traditional consultation models.