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Related Experiment Videos

Learning complex arithmetic--an fMRI study.

M Delazer1, F Domahs, L Bartha

  • 1Univ. Klinik für Neurologie, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. margarete.delazer@uibk.ac.at

Brain Research. Cognitive Brain Research
|December 9, 2003
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

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Learning complex arithmetic predominantly engages the left hemisphere. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed shifts in brain activation patterns, indicating a move towards more automatic processing with training.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • Learning arithmetic involves complex cognitive processes.
  • Cerebral activation patterns change with skill acquisition.
  • The role of specific brain regions in arithmetic learning is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural modifications in brain activation patterns during arithmetic learning using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To identify brain regions supporting the learning of complex multiplication problems.
  • To explore the transition from effortful calculation to automatic retrieval in arithmetic.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to measure brain activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Thirteen right-handed subjects underwent extensive training on complex multiplication problems.
  • Trained and untrained problems were presented in a blocked design, alternating with control tasks.

    • Main Results:

    • Left hemispheric dominance was observed for learning processes in arithmetic.
    • Significant activations were found in the left intraparietal sulcus, inferior parietal lobule, and inferior frontal gyrus when contrasting untrained versus trained conditions.
    • A shift in activation from the intraparietal sulcus to the left angular gyrus was observed when contrasting trained versus untrained conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Arithmetic learning, particularly complex calculation, is predominantly supported by the left hemisphere.
    • Training leads to a modification of cerebral activation, shifting from quantity-based processing to more automatic retrieval, as evidenced by changes in parietal lobe activation.
    • The left angular gyrus plays a significant role not only in fact retrieval but also in learned complex arithmetic calculations following relatively short training periods.