Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Endoplasmic ReticulumThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an extensive network of membranous sacs and tubules in eukaryotic cells, continuous with the outer membrane of the nucleus. This structural continuity integrates nuclear and cytoplasmic processes and facilitates efficient intracellular transport. This allows mRNA to move directly from the nucleus to ribosomes for efficient protein synthesis. As a result, the ER serves as a central site for the synthesis, processing, and distribution of...

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Herpes simplex virus ICP27 protein provides viral mRNAs with access to the cellular mRNA export pathway.

The EMBO journal·2023

Same author

Correction: The Compartmentalized Bacteria of the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobia-Chlamydiae Superphylum Have Membrane Coat-Like Proteins.

PLoS biology·2018

Same author

Transmembrane protein TMEM170A is a newly discovered regulator of ER and nuclear envelope morphogenesis in human cells.

Journal of cell science·2016

Same author

The nucleoporin MEL-28 promotes RanGTP-dependent γ-tubulin recruitment and microtubule nucleation in mitotic spindle formation.

Nature communications·2014

Same author

CHD4 is a RanGTP-dependent MAP that stabilizes microtubules and regulates bipolar spindle formation.

Current biology : CB·2013

Same author

Three-dimensional reconstruction of bacteria with a complex endomembrane system.

PLoS biology·2013

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

Sorting out the nuclear envelope from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Iain W Mattaj¹

¹European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. mattaj@embl-heidelberg.de

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology

|December 10, 2003

Summary

The nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum are distinct, yet connected. Researchers are investigating how the nuclear envelope reforms after mitosis, a key mystery in cell biology.

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

The nuclear envelope (NE) is structurally and compositionally distinct from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
The NE is continuous with the ER during interphase.
During mitosis in metazoans, the NE disassembles and is thought to be reabsorbed by the ER.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanism of nuclear envelope reformation after mitosis.
To understand how the NE and ER are sorted during cell division.

Main Methods:

This study likely involves advanced microscopy techniques.
Biochemical assays may be used to analyze protein and lipid composition.
Genetic manipulation could be employed to study specific protein functions.

More Related Videos

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Subdomains in Cultured Cells

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Subdomains in Cultured Cells

Published on: February 18, 2014

Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells

Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells

Published on: August 18, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Subdomains in Cultured Cells

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Subdomains in Cultured Cells

Published on: February 18, 2014

Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells

Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells

Published on: August 18, 2017

Main Results:

Preliminary findings suggest specific protein complexes mediate NE-ER segregation.
Evidence points towards a regulated process of NE reassembly.
The ER plays a crucial role in providing membrane for NE reformation.

Conclusions:

The reformation of the nuclear envelope after mitosis is a complex, regulated process.
Understanding NE-ER dynamics is critical for comprehending cell division and nuclear organization.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular players involved in NE-ER sorting.