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EAP1, a Candida albicans gene involved in binding human epithelial cells.

Fang Li1, Sean P Palecek

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

Eukaryotic Cell
|December 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary

The Candida albicans EAP1 gene enhances yeast adhesion to host cells and medical materials. This study identified EAP1 as a key cell wall adhesin, crucial for fungal virulence and biofilm formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Candida albicans adhesion is vital for virulence and biofilm formation on host tissues and medical devices.
  • Molecular mechanisms of C. albicans adhesion to host cells and materials are not fully understood.
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae serves as a model for yeast adhesion studies due to conserved pathways and genetic tractability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genes involved in Candida albicans adhesion using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system.
  • To characterize the function of the identified gene, EAP1, in yeast adhesion and growth.
  • To investigate the regulation of EAP1 expression in C. albicans.

Main Methods:

  • Screening a Candida albicans genomic library expressed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae flo8Δ strain using a parallel plate flow chamber.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessing yeast attachment to polystyrene surfaces and HEK293 kidney epithelial cells.
  • Analyzing the EAP1 gene sequence and its effect on invasive and filamentous growth in S. cerevisiae and C. albicans.

    • Main Results:

    • The gene EAP1 was isolated as a putative cell wall adhesin enhancing attachment to polystyrene.
    • Heterologous and autonomous expression of EAP1 increased adhesion to HEK293 cells in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans.
    • EAP1 expression restored invasive growth in flo8Δ and flo11Δ S. cerevisiae strains and filamentous growth in diploid flo8/flo8 and flo11/flo11 strains.
    • EAP1 transcription in C. albicans is regulated by the transcription factor Efg1p, linked to the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase pathway.

    Conclusions:

    • EAP1 is a novel cell wall adhesin that significantly enhances yeast adhesion to host cells and materials.
    • EAP1 plays a role in fungal virulence, invasive growth, and biofilm formation.
    • EAP1 regulation by Efg1p highlights the importance of the cAMP pathway in controlling C. albicans adhesion.