Related Experiment Videos
Pharmacokinetics of lignocaine in children after infiltration for cleft palate surgery
S Michael1, I Barker, P Henderson
1Department of Anaesthesia, University of Sheffield, Medical School.
Insights
This study examined lignocaine pharmacokinetics in children undergoing cleft palate surgery. Lignocaine with adrenaline showed no systemic toxicity, with concentrations below toxic levels, and a similar half-life to adults.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
Background:
- Local anesthetics like lignocaine are crucial for pediatric surgical pain management.
- Understanding lignocaine pharmacokinetics in children is vital for safe and effective anesthesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pharmacokinetics of lignocaine following local infiltration for cleft palate surgery in pediatric patients.
- To assess plasma concentrations and identify potential toxicity risks.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of lignocaine in pediatric patients after local infiltration with adrenaline.
- Blood samples collected at various time points post-administration.
- Plasma lignocaine concentrations measured using gas-liquid chromatography.
Main Results:
- No signs of systemic toxicity were observed during routine monitoring.
- Peak plasma lignocaine concentrations remained below accepted toxic thresholds.
- Mean half-life was comparable to previous adult and pediatric studies (72.9 min).
- Significant differences noted in mean clearance (24.6 ml kg-1 min-1) and volume of distribution (0.80 L kg-1) compared to prior research.
Conclusions:
- Lignocaine with adrenaline is safe for local infiltration in pediatric cleft palate surgery.
- Pharmacokinetic parameters like clearance and volume of distribution may differ in this specific pediatric surgical context.
- Further research into pediatric lignocaine pharmacokinetics is warranted.
Abstract:
We have studied the pharmacokinetics of lignocaine in children after local infiltration for cleft palate surgery. After induction of anaesthesia, lignocaine 2.5 mg kg-1 with adrenaline 1:200,000 was injected into the palate. Blood samples were collected before and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 and 120 min after infiltration. Plasma concentrations of lignocaine were measured by a gas-liquid chromatographic technique. There were no signs of systemic toxicity on routine monitoring of the patients and the peak plasma concentrations were less than the accepted toxic values. Mean half-life was 72.9 (SEM 9.9) min, similar to that found previously in adults and children. However differences in mean clearance (24.6 (2.04) ml kg-1 min-1) and volume of distribution (0.80 (0.07) litre kg-1) were found between this and previous studies.