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Olfactory dysfunction in cerebellar ataxia and multiple system atrophy.

Michael Abele1, Alexander Riet, Thomas Hummel

  • 1Dept. of Neurology, University Bonn, Germany. michael.abele@uni-bonn.de

Journal of Neurology
|December 16, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Olfactory dysfunction is common in neurodegenerative diseases beyond Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Cerebellar ataxia and multiple system atrophy patients showed significant impairments in odor identification and discrimination.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Systems

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a known early symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • The prevalence and nature of olfactory deficits in other neurodegenerative conditions remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory function in patients with multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type (MSA-C).
  • To compare olfactory function between MSA-C patients, patients with sporadic cerebellar ataxia, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated olfactory function using n-butanol odor threshold tests, odor identification, and odor discrimination tasks.
  • Included 8 MSA-C patients, 11 patients with sporadic cerebellar ataxia, and 13 age- and gender-matched controls.

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Main Results:

  • Olfactory thresholds were elevated in 16% of patients.
  • Impaired odor identification (74%) and odor discrimination (44%) were prevalent.
  • No significant differences in olfactory function were found between MSA-C and sporadic cerebellar ataxia groups.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a common feature across various neurodegenerative disorders, not exclusive to PD or AD.
  • Cerebellar dysfunction appears to more significantly impact the processing of olfactory information than the physical act of smelling.