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Cell transformation by human adenoviruses.

C Endter1, T Dobner

  • 1Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Regensburg, Landshuterstr. 22, 93047 Regensburg, Germany.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|December 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Human adenoviruses are key to understanding cell growth and cancer origins. Research highlights viral oncogenes in early transcription units E1B and E4, revealing new mechanisms of virus-mediated oncogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Human adenoviruses have been instrumental in understanding normal and malignant cell growth over the past 40 years.
  • Studies of their infection cycle and carcinogenic potential have provided insights into cancer mechanisms.
  • Adenoviruses serve as a model system for virus-mediated cell transformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on human adenovirus oncogenes and their products.
  • To focus on recent findings regarding the transforming and oncogenic properties of viral proteins.
  • To highlight novel mechanisms of virus-mediated oncogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular biological investigations.
  • Analysis of adenovirus productive infection cycles.
  • Examination of early transcription units (E1A, E1B, E4) and their gene products.
  • Investigation of viral DNA integration and epigenetic changes.

Main Results:

  • Adenovirus-mediated cell transformation is a multistep process involving E1A and E1B gene products.
  • Alternative mechanisms involving E4 gene products and epigenetic changes also contribute to oncogenic transformation.
  • Studies on adenovirus type 9 (Ad9) E4 revealed a novel pathway for virus-mediated oncogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Human adenoviruses, particularly their E1B and E4 encoded proteins, play critical roles in oncogenic transformation.
  • Further research into these viral proteins can elucidate general mechanisms of virus-mediated cancer development.

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