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Nuclear transfer in rodents.

Linda J Mullins1, Ian Wilmut, John J Mullins

  • 1Molecular Physiology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.

The Journal of Physiology
|December 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Cloning, or asexual reproduction, faces low success rates (0-4%) due to species-specific factors. Mouse cloning experiments reveal donor nucleus choice is crucial for improving nuclear transfer efficiency and reprogramming.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cloning, the asexual reproduction of an organism with an identical nuclear genome, has been successful in various species but faces challenges in others like dogs and primates.
  • A significant hurdle in cloning is its overall inefficiency, with success rates typically ranging from 0-4%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors affecting cloning efficiency, focusing on mouse cloning experiments.
  • To highlight the importance of donor nucleus characteristics in nuclear transfer success.
  • To summarize principles of nuclear reprogramming and discuss potential applications in rats.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nuclear transfer and cloning experiments, with a focus on mouse models.
  • Analysis of factors influencing cloning efficiency, including donor cell type (somatic, ES, fetal, adult) and cell state (quiescent, dividing).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of nuclear reprogramming mechanisms and their role in successful clone production.

    • Main Results:

    • Cloning efficiency varies significantly across species, indicating that factors influencing success are not universal.
    • Donor nucleus choice (e.g., somatic cell, embryonic stem cell, fetal, adult, quiescent, or actively dividing) is a critical determinant of nuclear transfer outcomes.
    • Mouse cloning experiments provide valuable insights into overcoming inefficiencies in the cloning process.

    Conclusions:

    • The inefficiency of nuclear transfer is a common challenge across all cloning experiments.
    • Understanding donor nucleus properties and nuclear reprogramming is key to improving cloning success rates.
    • Further research into nuclear transfer and reprogramming principles may facilitate applications in species like the rat.