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Risk factors associated with onychomycosis
B Sigurgeirsson1, O Steingrímsson
1Department of Dermatology, University of Iceland and Landspitali, University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. bsig@simnet.is
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|December 18, 2003
Summary
This study identified key risk factors for onychomycosis, including fungal infections like tinea pedis and family history. Understanding these factors is crucial for effective patient education and treatment of nail fungus.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology and Mycology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Onychomycosis is a prevalent nail condition with complex causes.
- Limited understanding exists regarding specific risk factors contributing to its development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and identify potential risk factors associated with onychomycosis.
- To provide data for improved patient management and prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire survey was distributed to 3992 randomly selected Icelandic adults (aged 16+).
- Participants reported on symptoms, history, and lifestyle factors.
- Mycological examinations were performed on individuals with suspected onychomycosis.
- Statistical analysis, including odds ratios (OR), was used to assess risk factor associations.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of mycologically confirmed onychomycosis was 11.1% in the study population.
- Significant risk factors (>2x increased risk) included cancer, psoriasis, tinea pedis (interdigital and moccasin types), and family history (parents, children, spouse).
- Other identified risk factors were regular swimming and age 50+.
Conclusions:
- Multiple factors significantly increase the risk of developing onychomycosis.
- Identifying these risk factors is essential for targeted prevention and treatment approaches.
- This knowledge aids in educating patients about onychomycosis and its associated risks.