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Related Experiment Videos

Maternal vaccination against subclinical necrotic enteritis in broilers.

Atle Lovland1, Magne Kaldhusdal, Keith Redhead

  • 1National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.

Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A
|December 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Maternal immunization against Clostridium perfringens significantly reduced necrotic enteritis in broilers. This study shows immunoprophylaxis is a promising alternative to antibacterial feed additives for controlling this broiler disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary immunology
  • Poultry health
  • Bacterial disease control

Background:

  • Antibacterial feed additives are the primary method for controlling Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broilers.
  • Maternal immunization presents a potential alternative strategy for disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of maternal immunization against Clostridium perfringens type A and C in protecting broiler progeny from necrotic enteritis.
  • To assess the transfer of specific antibodies from vaccinated broiler breeder hens to their offspring.

Main Methods:

  • Broiler breeder hens were intramuscularly immunized with Clostridium perfringens type A and C toxoids adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide.
  • Antibody responses in parent hens and antibody transfer to progeny were measured.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Broilers were challenged with Clostridium perfringens under field conditions and in a disease model to evaluate enteric and hepatic lesions.

    • Main Results:

    • Vaccination induced a robust serum immunoglobulin G response to C. perfringens alpha-toxin in parent hens.
    • Specific antibodies were successfully transferred from vaccinated hens to their progeny.
    • Maternally immunized broilers exhibited significantly lower odds of developing necrotic enteritis lesions compared to non-immunized controls (Odds Ratios ranging from 0.23 to 0.56 for type C and 0.41 to 0.63 for type A).

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal immunization against Clostridium perfringens toxoids is effective in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotic enteritis in broilers.
    • Immunoprophylaxis offers a viable alternative to antibiotic use for controlling necrotic enteritis in poultry farming.