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Alleviating spatial conflict between people and biodiversity.

Gary W Luck1, Taylor H Ricketts, Gretchen C Daily

  • 1The Johnstone Center, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 789, Albury NSW 2640, Australia. galuck@csu.edu.au

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 19, 2003
PubMed
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Human population growth threatens biodiversity, especially in species-rich areas. Strategic conservation planning can minimize this conflict by prioritizing sites with lower human population density, safeguarding species while reducing overlap with expanding settlements.

Area of Science:

  • Conservation Biology
  • Biodiversity Studies
  • Human Ecology

Background:

  • Human settlements are expanding into species-rich areas, posing a significant threat to biodiversity conservation.
  • Species richness often correlates positively with human population density in regions like Australia and North America.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the threat of human settlement expansion on biodiversity in Australia and North America.
  • To propose and evaluate conservation planning strategies to alleviate this threat.

Main Methods:

  • Compared two conservation planning scenarios: equal-cost site selection versus population-density-cost site selection.
  • Analyzed the overlap between selected conservation sites and areas of high human population density.
  • Assessed the impact of these scenarios on the total area required for protection.

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Main Results:

  • Under an equal-cost scenario, 13-40% of conservation sites overlapped with the highest human population density areas.
  • A population-cost scenario, which avoids high-density areas, reduced this overlap to 0-10%.
  • This reduction in overlap was achieved with only minor increases in the total protected area.

Conclusions:

  • Conservation planning that incorporates human population density can significantly reduce conflict with expanding settlements.
  • Strategic conservation investments are crucial now, given the rapid expansion of populated regions and rising land values.
  • This approach offers an effective way to protect biodiversity while minimizing spatial overlap with human populations.