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Software systems as complex networks: structure, function, and evolvability of software collaboration graphs.

Christopher R Myers1

  • 1Cornell Theory Center, Rhodes Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|December 20, 2003
PubMed
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Software systems exhibit complex network structures, specifically scale-free and small-world networks, mirroring those found in nature. This research explores network topology and its relation to software engineering practices and system evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Science
  • Software Engineering

Background:

  • Software systems are complex entities composed of interconnected modules, objects, classes, methods, and subroutines.
  • Recent advancements in complex network studies provide new tools for analyzing software architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the network topology of software collaboration graphs in open-source systems.
  • To understand the relationship between network characteristics and software engineering practices.
  • To model the evolution of software systems based on refactoring.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of software collaboration graphs within open-source software systems.
  • Application of complex network analysis techniques.
  • Development of a simple evolutionary model based on refactoring.

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Main Results:

  • Software collaboration graphs display scale-free and small-world network properties.
  • These network topologies are comparable to those found in biological, sociological, and technological systems.
  • A refactoring-based model captures key features of observed software system evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Software systems exhibit inherent complex network structures.
  • Network topology offers insights into software engineering practices and system evolution.
  • Object-oriented design has implications for network robustness, evolvability, and organization.