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A decrease in physical activity affects appetite, energy, and nutrient balance in lean men feeding ad libitum.

R James Stubbs¹, Darren A Hughes, Alexandra M Johnstone

¹Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. j.stubbs@rri.sari.ac.uk

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|December 20, 2003

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Reducing physical activity to a sedentary routine leads to a significant positive energy balance (EB) in men. This sedentary lifestyle does not decrease energy intake (EI), resulting in fat storage.

Area of Science:

Human physiology
Energy metabolism
Nutritional science

Background:

Quantitative effects of decreased physical activity on energy balance (EB) in ad libitum feeding conditions remain unclear.
Understanding the impact of reduced activity on appetite and energy intake is crucial for metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the impact of an imposed sedentary routine on appetite, energy intake (EI), energy balance (EB), and nutrient balance in lean men over 7 days.
To compare the effects of a sedentary (1.4 x RMR) versus a moderately active (1.8 x RMR) regimen on energy homeostasis.

Main Methods:

Six healthy lean men participated in two 7-day studies under sedentary and moderately active conditions.
Participants resided in a whole-body indirect calorimeter, with ad libitum access to a controlled diet.

Related Experiment Videos

Energy expenditure, energy intake, meal patterns, appetite, and body weight were continuously monitored.

Main Results:

Energy expenditure was significantly lower during the sedentary regimen (9.7 MJ/d) compared to the active regimen (12.8 MJ/d).
Energy intake did not differ significantly between regimens (13.5 MJ/d sedentary vs. 14.4 MJ/d active).
Cumulative energy balance was significantly positive under the sedentary condition (26.3 MJ) versus the active condition (11.1 MJ) by day 7.

Conclusions:

Reducing physical activity to a sedentary level markedly impacts energy balance, leading to a positive EB.
A sedentary routine does not trigger compensatory reductions in energy intake.
The positive energy balance accumulated during sedentary periods is primarily stored as fat.