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[Relationship between maternal weight gain and birthweight]

C L Lizo1, Z Azevedo-Lizo, E Aronson

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 20, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Maternal weight gain during pregnancy impacts newborn birth weight. Gaining 12 kg is optimal for a birth weight over 3000g, while excessive gain offers no further benefit.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is a critical factor influencing fetal growth and neonatal outcomes.
  • Understanding the precise relationship between gestational weight gain and birth weight is essential for optimizing prenatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of maternal gestational weight gain on newborn birth weight.
  • To determine the optimal range of gestational weight gain for achieving a healthy birth weight.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study including 2275 mother-newborn pairs with complete data.
  • Data collected from the Cadastro de Informações Perinatais (CIP) at a tertiary level private institution in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Analysis of correlations between gestational weight gain categories and newborn birth weight ranges.

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Main Results:

  • Gestational weight gain between 12 and 20 kg was associated with a higher incidence of newborns weighing between 3000 and 3499g.
  • Weight gain below or equal to 10 kg correlated with low birth weight (Odds Ratio = 1.81).
  • Gestational gain of 12 kg or less increased the risk of insufficient birth weight (2499g < birth weight < 3000g) (Odds Ratio = 1.47).
  • Gestational gain above 16 kg did not show a correlation with increased birth weight.

Conclusions:

  • A minimum gestational weight gain of 12 kg is recommended for newborns to exceed 3000g.
  • Gestational weight gain exceeding 16 kg does not lead to a further increase in birth weight.
  • High socioeconomic status did not prevent low or insufficient birth weight in this population.