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[Acid-base balance disorders]

J P Piva1, P C Garcia, V F Martha

  • 1Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|December 20, 2003
PubMed
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Pediatric acid-base disturbances are common in critically ill children and require prompt diagnosis and tailored treatment. Understanding pathophysiology is key for effective management and monitoring of these complex conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Biochemistry
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Acid-base balance is crucial for physiological function.
  • Disturbances are prevalent in critically ill pediatric patients.
  • Pathophysiology involves complex, multifactorial processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the theoretical basis of acid-base balance maintenance.
  • To explore the pathophysiology of acid-base disturbances in children.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies for pediatric acid-base imbalances.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review using Medline database.
  • Inclusion of recent review articles and personal expert files.
  • Synthesis of theoretical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic information.

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Main Results:

  • Acid-base disturbances frequently occur in critically ill children.
  • Pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial.
  • Management requires early diagnosis, understanding of root causes, and tailored, aggressive treatment with continuous monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Mastering acid-base physiology and pathophysiology is essential for pediatricians.
  • Effective management necessitates appropriate, careful intervention.
  • Clinical situations demand a thorough understanding for optimal patient outcomes.