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Related Experiment Videos

Relation between insulin and aortic stiffness: a population-based study.

T W Hansen1, J Jeppesen, S Rasmussen

  • 1Medical Department M, Glostrup University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Human Hypertension
|December 23, 2003
PubMed
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Higher insulin levels are linked to increased aortic stiffness, a key cardiovascular disease risk factor. This suggests insulin may contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease by stiffening arteries.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pulse wave velocity (PWV) measures aortic stiffness and is a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, potentially exceeding that of high blood pressure (BP).
  • Insulin's role in high BP development and progression is recognized, but its direct relationship with aortic stiffness (PWV) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between fasting insulin levels and PWV in a large, population-based cohort.
  • To determine if insulin is an independent predictor of aortic stiffness after accounting for established risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study included 2420 participants (1213 women, 1207 men, aged 41-72) without prior myocardial infarction or stroke.
  • Fasting insulin and conventional CVD risk factors were measured. PWV was assessed using a transcutaneous mechanical electrical principle between the carotid and femoral arteries.

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  • Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate regression, controlling for age, BP, sex, heart rate, CVD risk factors, and BP-lowering medications.

    • Main Results:

    • Univariate analysis revealed a highly significant positive association between insulin levels and PWV (P<0.001).
    • In multivariate analysis, fasting insulin remained a significant independent predictor of PWV (P=0.012), even after adjusting for multiple confounders.
    • Higher insulin levels were consistently related to higher PWV across analyses.

    Conclusions:

    • This study demonstrates a significant relationship between higher insulin levels and increased aortic stiffness (PWV).
    • Hyperinsulinaemia may contribute to cardiovascular risk by promoting aortic stiffness, potentially influencing blood pressure and overall CVD risk.
    • These findings highlight insulin as a potential therapeutic target for managing aortic stiffness and reducing cardiovascular disease burden.