[Congenital malaria in the county of Leme, SP]

Congenital malaria associated to Plasmodium vivax in a newborn baby (14 days old) is reported. The mother lived in a malaria-prone area, and came up to the county of Leme, São Paulo state, 40 days before baby's birth. Congenital malaria was classified through precocious symptoms, absence of malaria in the county and no history of blood transfusion or parenteral intervention of any sort. The case arises interest because of the necessity of malaria diagnoses suspicion on febrile newborns in non endemic areas, since the mother have lived or stayed in a malarious region.