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Longitudinal study on occlusal force distribution in lower distal-extension removable partial dentures with
K Ogata1, T Miyake, M Okunishi
1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Okayama University Dental School, Japan.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|November 1, 1992
Summary
The distribution of occlusal forces in removable partial dentures stabilizes within 1.5 months. Different loading rates affect force distribution, with slower rates transmitting more force to retainers on posterior teeth.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Mechanics
- Prosthodontics
Background:
- Removable partial dentures (RPDs) with cast circumferential clasps are common.
- Understanding occlusal force distribution is crucial for RPD longevity and patient comfort.
- Longitudinal changes in force distribution are not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate longitudinal changes in occlusal force distribution ratio in lower distal extension RPDs.
- To compare force transmission to retainers under different loading rates and locations.
Main Methods:
- Measurements of occlusal forces on the denture base and forces transmitted to retainers over 4 months.
- Simulated mastication (fast loading) and a slow loading rate (10 Ns-1) were used.
- Loads applied to first premolar (P1), second premolar (P2), and first molar (P3) areas.
Main Results:
- Occlusal force distribution ratio stabilized by 1-1.5 months post-insertion at fast loading.
- Constant ratios at fast loading: 30% (P1), 20% (P2), 10% (P3).
- Slow loading resulted in a greater force ratio on P2 and P3 compared to fast loading.
Conclusions:
- Occlusal force distribution in new RPDs adapts over the initial months.
- Loading rate significantly influences force transmission to retainers, particularly on posterior teeth.
- Findings inform the design and clinical management of RPDs.