Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 29, 2026

Methods for the Modulation and Analysis of NF-κB-dependent Adult Neurogenesis
Published on: February 13, 2014
Involvement of NF-kappaB in TGF-beta-mediated suppression of IL-4 signaling
Tetsuya Yamamoto1, Seiyu Imoto, Yuichi Sekine
1Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku Kita 12 Nishi 6, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
Abstract:
Control of immune response requires the coordinated integration of both stimulatory and inhibitory factors. Therefore, the cross-talk of different signaling pathways is critical in providing an integrated cellular response to multiple external signals. Both interleukin-4 (IL-4) and transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) are pleiotropic cytokines and play critical roles in controlling immune responses. For example, IL-4 mediates important pro-inflammatory functions in asthma including induction of the IgE isotype switch and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecules. Whereas, TGF-beta is secreted from B, T, and dendritic cells as well as macrophages, and negatively regulates their proliferation, differentiation, and activation by other cytokines. In this study, we examined the effect of TGF-beta on IL-4 signaling using B cells as well as embryonic kidney cells. TGF-beta inhibited IL-4-induced IgG1 production and gene expression of germline epsilon transcripts in B cells. In embryonic kidney cells, TGF-beta signals suppressed IL-4-induced transcription, when we monitored using germline epsilon promoter DNA. Furthermore, activation of NF-kappaB resulted in a resistance to TGF-beta-mediated suppression of IL-4 signaling. These results indicate that TGF-beta-mediated regulation of IL-4 signaling may act by targeting NF-kappaB signaling.
Related Concept Videos
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
T Cell Types and Functions
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...

