Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 29, 2026

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay (DAPA)
Published on: August 21, 2016
N-acetyl transferase genotypes in relation to risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus
Glinda S Cooper1, Edward L Treadwell, Mary Anne Dooley
1Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, USA. cooper1@niehs.nih.gov
Objective:
To examine the association between N-acetyl transferase (NAT) genotype (NAT1 and NAT2) and risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Methods:
DNA samples were collected from 243 recently diagnosed cases and 298 controls enrolled in a population based case-control study conducted in 60 counties in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA.
Results:
There was no association between SLE and NAT1 genotype (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.65, 1.4 for the presence of a *10 allele) or NAT2 genotype (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.73, 1.6 for the slow- compared with fast-acetylation genotype). We saw some evidence of interaction between NAT genotypes and use of hair dyes (a source of arylamines), with higher risk seen among hair dye users who had both the *10 NAT1 allele and the NAT2 slow-acetylation genotype (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2, 6.9 in this subgroup compared with all others).
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that although there is little overall association between NAT genotypes and risk of developing SLE, the interaction between NAT1 and NAT2 and specific exposures such as hair dyes may be important. This finding highlights the need to consider exposure when assessing genetic susceptibility.
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants