Related Experiment Videos
Cellular immune response in giardiasis.
A M El-Shazly1, M El-Bendary, Taker Saker
1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology
|January 8, 2004
Summary
Giardiasis severity correlates with CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte infiltration in the duodenum. Symptomatic patients show higher infiltration, impacting immune responses and Giardia antigen detection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Giardiasis is a common intestinal infection caused by Giardia lamblia.
- The host immune response, particularly lymphocyte infiltration in the duodenum, plays a role in giardiasis pathogenesis.
- Understanding the relationship between immune cell infiltration and disease severity is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between duodenal CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte infiltration and the clinical presentation of giardiasis.
- To assess the association between lymphocyte infiltration grades and specific symptoms like flatulence, anorexia, and vomiting.
- To evaluate the levels of anti-Giardia secretory IgA and total serum Ig in relation to duodenal immune cell infiltration.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of duodenal biopsies from symptomatic and asymptomatic giardiasis patients and controls.
- Assessment of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte infiltration using immunohistochemical staining.
- Measurement of anti-Giardia duodenal secretory IgA and total serum Ig levels via optical density (OD) values.
- Detection of Giardia antigen in duodenal biopsies.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant differences in CD4 lymphocyte infiltration were observed across all patient groups, with marked infiltration in symptomatic cases (P<0.001).
- Symptoms like flatulence, anorexia, and vomiting were more frequent in patients with heavy duodenal CD4 infiltration.
- Increased mean OD values for anti-Giardia duodenal secretory IgA were found in patients with marked duodenal CD4 infiltration.
- Significant increases in anti-Giardia total serum Ig were noted with marked intraepithelial CD8 lymphocyte infiltration in symptomatic patients and regarding Giardia antigen staining.
- Giardia antigen was detected in 100% of symptomatic and 93.181% of asymptomatic patients' duodenal biopsies, with 100% specificity in controls.
Conclusions:
- Duodenal CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte infiltration are significantly associated with giardiasis severity and symptomatic presentation.
- Immune responses, including secretory IgA and total serum Ig, are modulated by lymphocyte infiltration in giardiasis.
- Immunohistochemical detection of Giardia antigen in duodenal biopsies is a sensitive diagnostic tool for giardiasis.