Experimental selection of virus derivatives with variations in virulence from a single low-pathogenicity H6N1 avian

Ching-Wen Wang1, Ching-Ho Wang

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.

Avian Diseases
|January 8, 2004
PubMed

Insights

This study isolated a low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) and developed a method to obtain more virulent strains. Contact infection in chickens effectively isolated a pathogenic clone from a mixed virus population.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Avian Pathology

Background:

  • Low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) populations can harbor strains with varying virulence.
  • An H6N1 AIV outbreak in Taiwan caused significant mortality and egg production loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the virulence of an H6N1 AIV isolate.
  • To develop a method for isolating more virulent clones from a heterogeneous LPAIV population.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of H6N1 AIV from a field case.
  • Cloning of virus variants using limit dilution in chicken embryos and contact infection in chicks.
  • Intranasal inoculation of specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with cloned viruses.
  • Pathological examination and molecular detection (in situ hybridization, PCR, virus isolation) to assess virulence and tissue tropism.

Main Results:

  • Two clones were obtained: 2838N (non-pathogenic) and 2838V (pathogenic).
  • Chickens inoculated with 2838V exhibited renal lesions and mortality, unlike those with 2838N.
  • Molecular methods confirmed 2838V spread from the respiratory tract to renal tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Contact infection in chickens is an effective method for isolating more virulent clones from heterogeneous LPAIV populations.
  • The H6N1 AIV isolate demonstrated the potential to generate pathogenic variants with renal tropism.