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Related Experiment Videos

Chorioamnionitis induced by subchorionic endotoxin infusion in sheep.

Timothy J M Moss1, Ilias Nitsos, John P Newnham

  • 1Lotteries Commission Perinatal Research Laboratories, School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Box M094, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. tmoss@cyllene@uwa.edu.au

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 8, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Subchorionic endotoxin causes chorioamnionitis and fetal distress but not preterm lung maturation. Intra-amniotic endotoxin, however, induces both chorioamnionitis and lung maturation in fetal lambs.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Fetal medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chorioamnionitis is a common cause of preterm birth.
  • Intra-amniotic endotoxin exposure is known to cause chorioamnionitis and preterm lung maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether subchorionic endotoxin infusion causes chorioamnionitis and preterm lung maturation.
  • To compare the effects of subchorionic versus intra-amniotic endotoxin exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Sheep were administered endotoxin via subchorionic infusion, intra-amniotic infusion, or intra-amniotic injection.
  • Control groups received saline solution treatments.
  • Fetal lambs were delivered at 120 or 124 days of gestation.

Main Results:

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  • Chorioamnionitis was observed in all endotoxin-treated groups.
  • Intra-amniotic endotoxin (infusion or injection) led to lung inflammation and enhanced lung maturation (increased compliance and surfactant).
  • Subchorionic endotoxin did not cause lung inflammation or maturation but resulted in lower umbilical arterial pH and higher Pco(2), indicating fetal distress.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory stimuli at different intrauterine sites can cause chorioamnionitis.
  • The location of the inflammatory stimulus influences fetal outcomes, with intra-amniotic exposure leading to lung maturation while subchorionic exposure causes fetal distress.
  • Not all cases of chorioamnionitis are associated with enhanced fetal lung maturation.