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Father involvement in parent training: when does it matter?

Daniel M Bagner1, Sheila M Eyberg

  • 1Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, P.O. Box 100165, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0165, USA.

Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
|January 9, 2004
PubMed
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Father involvement in parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) may not impact immediate outcomes but helps maintain treatment gains. Involved fathers

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Family Therapy
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) is a common treatment for behavioral issues.
  • The role of father involvement in therapy outcomes is not fully understood.
  • Previous research has not consistently examined the impact of father engagement across different levels of involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of father involvement on treatment outcomes in parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT).
  • To compare treatment gains and maintenance across families with involved, uninvolved, and absent fathers.
  • To determine if father participation influences the long-term effectiveness of PCIT.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 107 families undergoing PCIT was analyzed.

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  • Families were categorized into three groups: involved-father (IF), uninvolved-father (UF), and absent-father (AF).
  • Child behavior, maternal depression, and parenting stress were assessed using the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Parenting Stress Index (PSI) during treatment and at a 4-month follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • All groups showed initial improvements in child behavior (ECBI) during PCIT.
    • Mothers in absent-father (AF) families reported better immediate treatment outcomes than mothers in involved-father (IF) families.
    • Mothers in involved-father (IF) families maintained treatment gains at follow-up, while mothers in absent-father (AF) families showed a decline.

    Conclusions:

    • Father participation in PCIT may not significantly affect immediate treatment outcomes.
    • Involved fathers appear to contribute to the maintenance of beneficial treatment effects.
    • The findings highlight the potential long-term benefits of father engagement in child behavior therapy.