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Cell cycle regulation of NF-YC nuclear localization
Mattia Frontini1, Carol Imbriano, Isabella Manni
1Dipartimento di Biologia Animale; Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|January 9, 2004
Summary
The nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Transcription Factors
Background:
- Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) is a trimeric transcription factor crucial for regulating cell cycle promoters.
- NF-Y binding to DNA is dynamic and correlates with gene activation during the cell cycle.
- The histone fold motif (HFM) subunits of NF-Y are NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the subcellular localization and cell cycle-dependent regulation of NF-Y subunits.
- To elucidate the role of NF-YB in the nuclear import of NF-YC.
Main Methods:
- Immunofluorescence studies were performed on endogenous and overexpressed NF-Y subunits (NF-YA, NF-YB, NF-YC).
- Localization was assessed in serum-restimulated NIH3T3 cells.
- Interaction between NF-YB and NF-YC was analyzed.
Main Results:
- NF-YA and NF-YB are primarily nuclear proteins.
- NF-YC exhibits both cytoplasmic and nuclear localization, dependent on its interaction with NF-YB.
- NF-YC nuclear accumulation is cell cycle-regulated, increasing at the start of S phase.
Conclusions:
- NF-YC's subcellular localization is controlled by its heterodimerization with NF-YB.
- Regulation of HFM heterodimerization is a key mechanism for controlling NF-Y activity during the cell cycle.
- NF-Y compartmentalization provides an additional layer of gene expression regulation.